The Health and Social Care Inequalities-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Health and Social Care Inequalities in the Society. Answer: The cultural values and the upbringing of the people influence their perception and belief towards health and sickness. It can be critiqued that some diseases are more prevalent in some social classes whereas some diseases are more prevalent in other social classes. The education, life style and the family background also influence the manner in which diseases are perceived and responded. People belonging to different social classes have different kind of life style which creates several lifestyle diseases. The lifestyle diseases refer to the diseases which are associated with the way people live their life. The major causes of the lifestyle diseases are smoking, alcohol, drugs or the lack of the physical activity. The life expectancy and the health are different in the UK and the Northern Ireland. The present essay will try to identify the impact of the social class and the education on the health and life chances of people (BBC, 2013). The socialist theories and research are common ly employed to understand the impact of inequalities on the life chances of the individual. The present essay will also explore why these inequalities are still prevalent in the society. It can be critiqued that the people in the Northern Ireland and the UK have different kind of the lifestyle. The upbringing, education level and the social class of the people in both the territories is different. The culture and the upbringing of the people disperse in the future life of the people and develop their lifestyle or shape their attitudes towards diseases and the lifestyle. The lifestyle of the people also impacts on their attitude towards disability, diseases and the response mechanism. According to WHO (World Health Organization), the health of an individual can be defined as the complete physical, social and mental well-being and does not imply the absence of any disease (WHO, 2010; Collins Resources, 2013). The social class scale can be used to examine the impact of the education, household income and the employment status of a person on his lifestyle and approach towards diseases. In this scale, the society in the UK is divided into seven social groups and the Elite society exits at the top of this scale whereas the Precariat exists at the end of the scale. The income or the occupation of an individual also impacts on his lifestyle in several different ways. The occupation of a person influences their self-worth, personal development and may expose them to certain situations which can impact on their health. For instance, engineers have long sitting periods which can cause obesity or the people working in mines may be exposed to hazardous materials. Several researches have also indicated that the people in the higher income group drink more alcohol than the people in lower income group. The people in higher income group have more spare income to spend on luxury items; therefore, they are more prone for the consumption of alcohol. The people living in the lower social classes cannot afford to drink as they have low income. (Office National Statistics, 2017) It can be critiqued that the lifestyle of the people in lower income group is directed by their income and thy only have money to spend on the basic necessities such as food and shelter. However, it does not indicate that the people in the lower income group are leading a healthier lifestyle. Due to the shortage of the money, the people in lower income group are consuming unhealthy food. In order to save money, the people are consuming junk and fast food which is causing obesity related diseases in the lower income group. According to NHS report, it can be critiqued that the children in the lower income group are more likely to suffer from obesity due to the consumption of unhealthy food. Currently, there are two models of health present in the society, namely, bio-medical model and the social model. The bio-medical model is the most common method for evaluating the health of citizens. This model is commonly employed by the healthcare professionals and considers that the illness should be treated and cured by pharmaceutical drugs and surgeries (Mazzotta, 2016). The model elaborates that the impairments and severe diseases cause severe problem to the people and they must be dealt immediately. According to this model, the root cause of the diseases is the person suffering from the disease. Most of the diseases are caused by the lifestyle and the diet of the person. The Bio-medical model also guides the diagnosis, treatment and the decision-making of the physicians. All these steps are important in effective treatment of the patients (Naidoo Wills, 2015). The disease can be cured with the help of medicines or the surgeries; it cannot control the recurrence of the diseas e. This model tries to explain all the diseases with the physical or the organic components of the disease and emphasize less on the psychological factors. Several theories such as functionalism and Parsons Sick role align with the above-mentioned theory. This model prevents the people from opting out from the roles which can pose negative impact on their health. For instance, the nurses have to remain in the close vicinity of several patients suffering from contagious diseases which can create negative impact on their health. The health practitioners should always act in the best interest of the service users. However, caring for the patients becomes difficult when they are suffering from certain diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis and Schizophrenia which makes the patient physically and mentally unfit (Chrisler McCreary, 2010). On the other hand, the Marxist theory states that Bio-medical model tries to maximize the profit of the drug manufacturers instead of eradicating the diseases from the society. The Marxist theory states that the current society is capitalist in nature and developed due to the current state of the economy. The Marxist theory aligns with the social model which is focused on attaining the preventive measures for disease control rather than providing a cure to the patients. According to this model, the society should focus on minimizing or eradicating the barriers posed to an individual. For instance, it is beneficial to educate the people regarding the negative impacts of certain diseases to enhance their prevention. The people should be trained regarding issues related to overeating or under eating and how they can control it (Eating Disorders Association Northern Ireland, 2016). In the UK, several diseases are prevalent related to eating disorders such as Anorexia, Bulimia and Binge Eating Disorder Effect. A significant amount of population is suffering in silence or dealing with these diseases silently. It can be critiqued that these differences in the lifestyle results due to social inequalities and they impact on the education, accommodation and the employment of the people. Therefore, social inequality impacts on the health of the individuals (Development Strategy and Policy Analysis Unit, 2015). The inequality between different individuals can be defined as the state of nor being equal in rights or opportunities. In the present times, all the governments are making efforts to mitigate the societal inequalities; however, they still exist in the society .The financial status and housing conditions are the major reason for societal inequality and it impacts on the future opportunities granted to the people. In the North Ireland, Carryduff West can be considered as the least deprived location whereas Clonard cam is considered as the most deprived district in the location. The district of Clonard has a large population of approximately 4900 people whereas Carryduff has an approximate population of 3400 people. However, it can be critiqued that despite having smaller population, Carryduff is the least deprived due to the higher education of the citizens. Approximately 40% of the population in Carryduff has a high school diploma or higher degree in education. In Clonard, about 55% of the population has no or low level of education. In Clonard, there are a large number of people who seek unemployment or the job seeker allowance. A significant portion of population also does not have access to car and which is also a major hindrance in receiving higher population. The people may avoid getting admission to higher degree institutes as they do not have the vehicle to travel in faraway places. Other than that, there is significant portion of population are single parents which can impact negatively on the acquisition of the higher education. It can be critique d that the students may face lack of family support when going for higher education. The New Right Theorist Charles Murray is concerned about the government support and state that some people are comfortable living underclass and become habitual of dependency. People find it easy to accept the benefits of the welfare rather than work. It can be critiqued that thee people in Clonard have issues or hindrances in obtaining higher education which impacts on their employment and income level. When the people will have issues in entering well-paying employment, it will impact on the kind of food which they will consume as well as the future and the education of their children. It can also impact on the health conditions of their children as they are unable to provide healthy food to their children. It can be discussed that in the contemporary society, health inequalities are arising due to certain issues. The major factors leading to the health inequalities are educational differences, differences in the social class or the difference in the household income of different people (Haralambos Holborn, 2013). The health inequalities can be defined by class, gender and ethnicity with the help of four major theories, namely, natural and social selection, materialist-structuralism and cultural-behavioral. It can be deduced that the structural and the cultural factors are the major reasons for the health differences (Adams, 2007). The materialist-structuraist theory states that the life expectancy and the death rate can be associated with the living conditions in different social groups. According to this theory, the lifestyle of the people influences the manner in which the lives of the people will develop in future. The cultural-behavioral theory states that there exist differences in the health of people due to the personal lifestyle, choices and the behavior of the people. The people belonging to different social classes perceive different behavior as normal which impact their life. This theory states that the lifestyle is developed by the choice of the people; therefore, the people are needed to be blamed for their health issues. It can be concluded that in the present society, there exists a large number of inequalities which can impact on the health of the individuals and create health inequalities. The lack of educational opportunities and the lifestyle differences lead to different kind of diseases. Different sociological theories are used to explain the differences in the health of the individuals belonging to different sections of the society. Moreover, it can be concluded that the culture and the perception of the individual impacts on their attitude towards health, illness and the disability of the people Reference Adams, R. (2007). Foundations of Health and Social Care. Palgrave Macmillan. Available at https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/drugus BBC (2013) Huge Survey Reveals Seven Social Classes in the U.K. [Online]. Available at https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-22007058 (Accessed 19 June 2017). Chrisler, J.C., McCreary, D.R. (2010). Handbook of Gender Research in Psychology: Volume 2: Gender Research in Social and Applied Psychology. Springer Science Business Media. Collins Resources (2013) Social Influences on Health and Well Being [Online]. Available at https://resources.collins.co.uk/free/175966BTECHSCU4.pdf (Accessed 19 June 2017). Development Strategy and Policy Analysis Unit (2015) Concepts of Inequality [Online]. Available at https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/wpcontent/uploads/sites/45/publication/dsp_policy_01.pdf (Accessed 19 June 2017). ealcoholandsmoking/bulletins/opinionsandlifestylesurveyadultdrinkinghabitsingreatbri Eating Disorders Association Northern Ireland (2016) Home: about us [Online]. Available at https://www.eatingdisordersni.co.uk/content/about-eating-disorders (Accessed 19 June 2017). Haralambos, M., Holborn, M. (2013) Sociology Themes and Perspectives, London, Harper Collins Publishers Limited. Mazzotta, C.P. (2016) Biomedical approaches to care and their influence on point of care nurses: a scoping review, Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, vol. 6, no. 8, p. 93. Naidoo, J., Wills, J. (2015). Health Studies: An Introduction. Palgrave Macmillan. Northern Ireland Statistical and Research Agency (2017) Populations [Online]. Available https://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/public/Theme.aspx?themeNumber=74themeName= Population (Accessed 19 June 2017). Office National Statistics (2017) Adult drinking habits in Great Britain [Online]. tain/2005to2016 (Accessed 19 June 2017). WHO. (2010). Social and gender inequalities in environment and health. Fifth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health [Online]. Available at https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/76519/Parma_EH_Conf_pb1.pdf (Accessed 19 June 2017).

How Should Our Society Assign value to a Human Life Essay Sample free essay sample

Today’s modern society designates persons life value by their accomplishments. yesteryear. or the salary they receive. Amanda Ripley. in â€Å"What is a Life Worth† . provinces that nowadays we base life on money. â€Å"There’s even a monetary value for your articulatio genus. approximately $ 200. 000. † ( 37 ) . Puting a monetary value on a life is morally incorrect. In today’s society. people automatically expect money when their loved 1s die. when the world is no money can loved 1s viod of a loved 1. The character Hamlet in Shakespeare’s drama â€Å"Hamlet† demonstrates the rough fact that most people value life when something unfortunate is happing. Misfortunes. such as decease. open our eyes and do us value and care for what we have. Lance Armstong provinces. â€Å" I returned a different individual. literally. † ( 36 ) . Lance had a close decease experince. After lasting malignant neoplastic disease he learned to populate life to the fullest and value every minute of life. We will write a custom essay sample on How Should Our Society Assign value to a Human Life? Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The government’s thought about giving a human life a monetary value is incorrect. After the onslaughts on the Twin Towers. households all over the state were devasted and bosom broken to hear that their loved 1s had pasted off. The United States Government tried to counterbalance the households with money. Alternatively of being grateful. people got offended. Feiberg. a authorities employee hired to counterbalance the victim’s households. stated â€Å"just some unsmooth estimate of what I thought was just. † ( 41 ) . Feinberg became accustomed to all the accusals and review. He came to admit that they will neer be satisfied with the sum of money they receive. There can be two factors for this. people are either greedy and maintain desiring more. or they feel that no money can fulfill their loss. Looking back into our history. life was non valued every bit much as it is today. Peoples converted others into slaves. or even killed them because of their ethnicity or race. We have learned from their errors. Today’s society designates a human life a money value. In a modern papers â€Å"Human Life Calulator† . there is a expression for ciphering a value for a human life. it states â€Å" Please note. this reckoner will supply merely a unsmooth sense of your human life value†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ( 44 ) This Calculator is used by life insurance companies to find how much money will be compensated to the loved 1s of the victims. Everyone should hold the right to acquire compensation to assist their households in instance of an acciden. However. giving more to some households and less to others depending on what their loved one was â€Å"Worth† is incorrect. All households should be compensated the same sum. no affair the race. salary. or old ages the individual has. After all. we are all created equal. Spear Armstrong is a great inspiration on how we should value life ; non by fame nor fortune. but by the obstructions you overcome. â€Å"The truth is that malignant neoplastic disease was the best thing that Evert happened to me. I don’t know why I got the illnes. but it did admirations for me and I wouldn’t want to walk off from it. Why would I want to alter. even for a twenty-four hours? The most of import and formative event in my life? † ( Lance Armstong. 36 ) . Surving malignant neoplastic disease made Armstrong appreciate the small things that he didn’t before. Life became more valueable to him. Our society should non establish a life’s value on money. Money is non a factor in finding the value of a human life. You give value to your life by your ain ends and achievements. As a society. we should larn to value person by who they are. and non what they work in or how much money they make. Hamlet. the prince of Denmark. was non happy besides all his luck ( Hamlet. Page 23 ) . He couldn’t happen a value to his life. Hamlet’s female parent nevertheless. proverb Hamlet’s life more valueable than Hamlet himself. A loved one can be so much more value to us than any other individual on Earth. That is the ground why Feinberg was bombarded with critque. he could neer fit the sum of money the victim’s households thought they were deserving ( Amanda Ripley. What is a Life Worth? . page 39 ) . As a society. we must come to recognize that. The construct of valueing life by existent dollars and cents is incorrect. Money can neer make full in the viod of a loved one.

Pornography - Its Place In Our Society Essays -

Pornography - Its Place in Our Society As the debate over pornography and its place in society grows hotter every day, several authors in particular shed a new light on the subject. Both their intuition and insight involving their beliefs can help the reader a great deal in seeing aspects of this debate that might have otherwise gone without the consideration that they so deserve. I believe that pornography is not only okay, but is allowing our country to take a step back and ask ourselves how far we are willing to go and what we are willing to sacrifice in order to preserve free speech and our rights to personal choice. The argument over pornography is not merely the debate over right or wrong, but also involves the theory that its existence requires, or possibly even causes, an inequality between men and women. I ask you, how could something like pornography cause an in-equality between men and women when women are the major contributors to the industry? Who is going to watch a porn without women in it? Therefore, at least at first glance, it would seem that since women are actively contributing to the business of pornography maybe they should be criticized at least equally if not more so than the men who watch it. According to author J.M. Coetzee and his article "The Harms of Pornography", the real questions here are, "what is the difference between obscenity and pornography", and even more importantly, "where do we draw the line between the two"? Coetzee brings up a good point here. A point on which the entire debate over pornography hinges. What is the defenition of "obscenity"? An excerpt from a speech by Mike Godwin, Online Counsel for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, gives a good definition of obscenity in his on-line article: "Fear of Freedom: The Backlash Against Free Speech on the 'Net'". Everybody more or less knows something about what qualifies as obscene. You know it has something to do with "community standards," right? And with appealing to the "prurient interest." A work has to be a patently offensive depiction of materials banned by state statute and appeal to the prurient interest to be obscene and it also has to meet one other requirement. It also has to lack serious literary, artistic, social, political or scientific value. That's how something is classified as "obscene." Godwin states that one of the criteria for decency or absence of obscenity is that something must contain social political or scientific value. Is it possible that pornography is an outlet for people that prevents ideas that start out as fantasies or desires from becoming real? If so, then it's possible that the porn industry is doing us a bigger favor than we know.In an article written by Donna A. Demac, the history of censorship, obscenity, pornography and the rights of "the people" are conveyed with a decidedly liberal attitude. Demac's article gives an intelligent overview as to the actions of various political parties, groups and activists that have fought either for or against some of the issues regarding pornography, and his article can be effectively used to defend free speech. The most opinionated and conservative of the authors included is Catherine MacKinnon, who touches on the thought that there is a great deal of similarity between pornography and black slavery. In her article "Pornography, Civil Rights and Speech" she states that "the harm of pornography does not lie in the fact that it is offensive but that, at least in developed societies, it is an industry that mass produces sexual intrusion, access to, possession and use of women by men for profit". MacKinnon approaches pornography not from a "moral" standpoint, but strictly from the "political" point of view that says pornography is a threat to the gender equality of our nation. I say she is wrong and that not only is pornography okay, but in many cases could contribute to the health of our society. I will quickly agree that pornography should be kept away from the eyes of our children, and that there is a proper time and place for it, but consider some of the acts that, providing that pornogrpahy was made illegal,

Essay Sample - How to Write a Criminal Essay Sample

Essay Sample - How to Write a Criminal Essay SampleAn essay sample will help you create a solid foundation for your essay. Even if you are going to write a short paper, it is still better to have an outline as you do not want to find yourself doing all the work. Here are some tips for writing a criminal essay sample.The first thing that you must do is brainstorm good ideas. Then choose an essay topic that has not been covered before and plan how you will tackle it. You need to make sure that you give yourself enough time to complete this task.Your essay should cover a broad topic. Make sure that you have enough time to research the topic before writing it. In other words, you cannot just decide to write about something without researching it first.Your essay must have your thoughts clearly stated in a criminal sentence. You should also include the point you want to prove to the reader. Think of ways that you can frame the essay so that you are making the reader think of the right ide a. Write the sentences surrounding the crime so that the reader feels like you know exactly what you are talking about.The sentence structure of your essay must be very precise. To be sure, make sure that you start your sentences with a capital letter. This will show the readers that you are talking about a certain topic.Don't forget to use proper grammar while writing your criminal essay sample. Even though there is no proper grammar in this world, you have to be sure that you make sure that you are able to write in such a way so that the reader will not get annoyed when reading it.Always state your points clearly. When writing about a topic that has already been covered, you don'thave to say something that will confuse the reader. Focus on being concise, have your points laid out and then finish your sentences in a certain way.Writing an essay on a subject that you haven't written about before can be a bit difficult, but it can also be fun. Just remember that you have to research the topic, and make sure that your essay is easy to read. You will learn a lot by doing so.

Battling Cancer essays

Battling Cancer essays During a shower one-day, you notice a lump that was not otherwise there. The next day you see a doctor. The lump you have identified is diagnosed as cancer. Now you need to figure out what to do. There is no absolute cure for cancer, but there are different ways to treat it. Doctors use according methods like radiation, chemotherapy or drugs to treat various types of cancer. Another way of treating cancer is with alternative forms of medicine by using acupuncture and natural herbal remedies. These treatments are more often used in cases that can not be treated very or at all. However, when using the combination of the two treatment techniques, one can receive the full benefit of all available options. The medical profession is beginning to acknowledge and accept this idea of allowing alternative medicines in conjunction with traditional medicines to ease suffering as well as prolonging the lives of cancer patients. In order to make a decision on treatment for cancer, one must understand what cancer is and the current treatments used. Cancer starts when a cell ceases to function properly, mutates, and begins to multiply rapidly. A cancer cell has an abnormal chromosome which sends the wrong message to the other parts of the cell, which causes the cell to grow rapidly as it multiplies. These multiplied cells can form a lump called a malignant tumor, attack organs and organelles such as bone and bone marrow, or destroy tissue in areas like the lungs. All of these cases are referred to as cancer. Cancer knows no boundaries and plays no favorites; it can be found among people of all races and ages, both rich and poor, black and white, male or female. Cancer is a very serious disease many people live with. On average, about 1.2 million people are diagnosed with cancer every year. Cancer is not a contagious dis ...

The Theory of Obligation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Theory of Obligation - Essay Example The religious obligations prohibit the individuals from committing sins i.e. lying, cheating, adultery, fornication, drinking and disobeying the parents, teachers, and elders at large. Similarly cultural obligations demand for observing the norms, values and traditions, prevailing in the social establishment. Consequently, theory of obligation encompasses all aspects of individual and collective human life in order to make society a peaceful place of living. Great philosopher of ancient Greece Aristotle has presented his Theory of Virtue where he submits to state that the source of all kinds of virtue and goodness is one and the same (Nicomachean Ethics, 1096a30). The notion is universally followed by the thinkers and philosophers by taking it the scale to measure the magnitude of good and positive behaviour of the people and its association with their overall attitude while entering into interaction with others. Aristotle’s mentor Plato has presented the doctrine that Almight y God is the source of all goodness and energy, from Whom all goodness arrives to illuminate the universe. Aristotelian proposition is based upon his famous doctrine of the soul, where body contains the soul, it must possess the qualities attributed to the soul. However, body is frequently stated as materialistic and unholy one in comparison to the soul, which is pure and clean. In other words, goodness of soul can be witnessed through the performances being made by the human body containing the attributes of the soul existing into the body. PART II Keeping in view the Obligation Theory as well as Aristotelian doctrine of Virtue, I will strictly observe kindness, benevolence, meekness, humility, truthfulness, equality and justice while interacting with other members of society. I will stick to these noble principles in my individual and social life. I will pay due heed to my studies, and would strive my best to obtain excellent marks in examination. Hence, I will not deceive my pare nts and teachers, who are making investment of time, and energies on my educational career. I will attend the church on every Sunday in order to pay my humblest gratitude to my Creator for His countless mercies and bounties upon me. I will try to follow the noble teachings manifestly mentioned in the Holy Scripture, which commands me to worship One God, obey my parents, be humble in prayers, respect the elders, love to the younger, exhibit honesty and integrity in transactions, to help the needy, care the neighbours, be polite to others, and refrain from adultery, fornication, lying, deceiving and breaking the Covenant to the Lord (Leviticus, 19). I will be loyal to my peers in the playground, and sincere to my organisation while entering the professional life. I will try my best to work for the good name and fame of my work place. While elaborating my political views, I will vote and support the most suitable, honest and committed candidate, and hence will never take his racial, et hnic and religious background altogether. I will visit community centres and hospitals at least once in fortnight in order to witness the problems faced by the people belonging to my community. I will spend some money on charitable issues, to provide financial and moral support to the downtrodden and needy.

Injustice of air pollution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Injustice of air pollution - Research Paper Example These emissions can either be primary or secondary. Primary pollutants are directly from the source like: carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen. Secondary pollutants are produced in the air by the combination of two or more primary pollutants like: ozone, PAN and photochemical smog. The causes of air pollution are: emission of nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide and sulfur oxide and these emissions can be mitigated in several ways such as locating the pollution in remote areas, reduction of sulfur oxide, and carbon dioxide. The injustices that air pollution has are that the pollution has its greatest effects amongst the minority groups, low income groups and low unemployment areas. Keywords: Air Pollution, Injustices, Pollution, Sulphur Oxide, Nitrogen Oxide, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Pollutants The largest fraction of the biosphere is made up of the atmosphere, which is an active system which regularly absorbs different gases, solids, and liquids from both man-made and natural s ources. Gases, liquids, and solids travel in air, dispersing and reacting with one another, and other substances chemically and physically. These constituents find their way to receptors and depositories such as human beings and oceans respectively. Air pollution can be defined as the presence of unwanted substances in the air. ... The problems of air pollution are not evenly distributed; poor people and some racial and ethnical groups form the majority of people who face the high risks of pollutants and high amounts of air pollution. Rao asserts that, studies have proven that poorer people from certain racial and ethical backgrounds with low socioeconomic positions, and lack of the education are the most victims as they live near the main sources of pollution (1989). Studies by researchers have found that the risk of premature death from air toxicity as a result of the pollution has the greatest effects amongst the minority groups, such as African-Americans, in comparison to people of other races or ethnic groups. The socio-economic conditions of minority groups and people in third world countries have been associated with greater harm from the effects of air pollution. Fine particles in air have increased the overall risk of premature deaths. The risk of premature death doesn’t only affect the African- Americans, but also people who live in higher unemployment areas or high usage of transportation. A research carried out in 2008 shows that people who have poor quality of air and serious asthma went hand-in-hand in areas where Medicaid intake was high, but the areas with the highest Medicaid intake didn’t have a strong association with air pollution and asthma attacks (American Lung Association, 2012). A study shows that, in France there was no association of air pollution with low income and asthma attacks (American Lung Association, 2012). Through the study, researchers came to a conclusion and stated that there are three broad reasons why disparities exist. First, groups may have greater exposure to